How to grow herbs plants indoor with low light
Indoor gardening has become an increasingly popular trend, especially for those living in urban environments or small spaces without access to outdoor gardens. Growing herbs indoors allows people to enjoy the freshness and flavor of home-grown produce year-round. Herbs are particularly appealing because they are easy to grow, require little space, and can be used in various culinary dishes, beverages, and home remedies.
One of the biggest challenges for indoor gardening is finding plants that thrive in low-light conditions, particularly in apartments or homes with limited sunlight. Many herbs can still grow successfully in these environments, allowing people to cultivate a garden even in dimly lit spaces. Increasing low-light herbs is an ideal solution for people who want to bring nature indoors without needing a sunny windowsill.
Having fresh herbs at your fingertips provides numerous benefits. Culinary-wise, herbs like mint, parsley, and thyme can enhance the flavor of everyday meals, adding a fresh, aromatic touch to dishes. Many herbs also offer medicinal properties; for example, lemon balm is known for its calming effects, while mint aids in digestion. Additionally, indoor herbs add a natural, green aesthetic to your home, improving air quality and creating a relaxing, nature-inspired ambiance.
Top Herbs to Grow Indoors with Low Light
1 . Mint
Mentha, commonly known as mint, is an aromatic genus of flowering plants in the Lamiaceae family. With its origins tracing back to ancient Greek mythology, mint has a rich cultural history. There are an estimated 13 to 24 species, though the exact number remains uncertain due to natural hybridization where species overlap. Known for their adaptability, mints thrive in moist soils and wet environments, often spreading vigorously via underground and overground stolons. These hardy, perennial herbs feature square, branched stems and grow between 10 to 120 cm in height, with some species regarded as invasive due to their unchecked spread. Mint leaves, typically arranged in opposite pairs, vary in shape and color, ranging from dark green to shades of purple and yellow. The plant produces small, delicate flowers in hues of white to purple, arranged in whorls, which give way to nutlet fruits containing seeds.
2. Parsley
Parsley, scientifically known as *Petroselinum crispum*, is a versatile herb that has been cherished for centuries. Native to regions such as Greece, Morocco, and the former Yugoslavia, parsley has traveled the globe, thriving in climates suited for its growth. Historically, it is believed to have been first cultivated in Sardinia around the 3rd century BC, later making its way to England by the mid-1500s. Today, parsley plays a significant role in various culinary traditions across Europe, the Middle East, and the Americas. While curly-leaf parsley is often used as a garnish, flat-leaf parsley is favored by chefs for its bolder flavor. Additionally, root parsley is prevalent in many European cuisines, used in soups, stews, and casseroles, or even enjoyed as a snack.
3. Chives
Chives, a herb cultivated in Europe since the Middle Ages, have a history that stretches back over 5,000 years. Today, they are prized not only for their culinary uses but also for their ornamental value, with vibrant violet flowers often featured in decorative bouquets. Thriving best in well-drained, organic-rich soil with a pH of 6 to 7, chives need plenty of sunlight and temperatures between 15 to 20°C (59 to 68°F) for optimal growth. Whether grown from seeds or propagated by division, chives can be planted in early spring or late summer, with regular moisture ensuring their steady development. In colder climates, they die back in winter and regrow in spring, making them a reliable, continuous harvest during the growing season. However, gardeners should watch for leek moth larvae, which can damage the plant’s leaves and bulbs.
4. Thyme
Thyme (*Thymus vulgaris*), a staple herb in kitchens around the world, is prized for its earthy aroma and versatile culinary uses. Native to Eurasia and North Africa, thyme belongs to the mint family Lamiaceae and has been cultivated for centuries for its medicinal and ornamental purposes as well. The herb thrives in hot, sunny climates with well-drained soil, making it a popular choice for both seasoned gardeners and culinary enthusiasts. Once established, thyme is a hardy perennial that can be propagated through seeds, cuttings, or by dividing rooted sections. It’s also remarkably drought-tolerant, requiring minimal maintenance beyond pruning after flowering to prevent the plant from becoming woody. Whether used fresh or dried, thyme adds depth and flavor to a variety of dishes, making it a must-have in any herb garden.
5. Cilantro
Coriander, also known as cilantro, is a versatile annual herb from the Apiaceae family, widely used in various cuisines. While all parts of the plant are edible, its fresh leaves and dried seeds are particularly prized for their flavor. Interestingly, people have mixed reactions to the taste of coriander. Most enjoy its citrusy, lemon-lime notes, while others find the leaves taste soapy or unpleasant—a difference linked to the OR6A2 gene. The plant grows up to 50 cm tall, with broad, lobed leaves at the base and feathery ones near the flowering stems. Its delicate white or pale pink flowers grow in small clusters, giving way to rounded fruits that are often used as spices.
6. Lemon Balm
Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) is a versatile herb cherished for its mild lemony aroma and rich history of use in traditional remedies. Native to regions like south-central Europe and the Mediterranean, this plant is now grown worldwide. Reaching a height of about 1 meter, lemon balm features heart-shaped, soft, hairy leaves with scalloped edges. Its delicate white or pale pink flowers, which bloom in summer, are known to attract bees, tying into its botanical name, Melissa, derived from the Greek word for honey bee. Not only is lemon balm a favorite in herbal teas and culinary applications, but it also plays a role in ornamental gardening and perfume production, having been cultivated since the 16th century for its many uses.
7. Oregano
Oregano (Origanum vulgare) is a versatile herb from the mint family, originally native to the Mediterranean but now flourishing across the Northern Hemisphere. Known for its distinctive, robust flavor, oregano has become a staple in kitchens around the world, especially in Mediterranean cuisines such as Turkish, Greek, and Italian. This perennial plant, with its spade-shaped leaves and delicate white, pink, or purple flowers, thrives in sunny, dry conditions and can be grown in a wide range of soil pH levels. Whether used fresh or dried, oregano adds depth to sauces, meats, and vegetables, making it a culinary favorite. In addition to its flavor, oregano is appreciated for its ornamental qualities, with many varieties cultivated for its unique foliage and vibrant blooms.
How to Care for Indoor Herbs in Low Light
Indoor herbs often thrive in indirect light, which means they don’t need to be placed in direct sunlight. Indirect light occurs when the sun’s rays don’t directly hit the plant but still provide enough illumination for photosynthesis. Place herbs near windows, but ensure they are not exposed to direct sunlight, which can cause leaf burn. South or west-facing windows provide more indirect light, but if these are unavailable, a north-facing window can still be effective.
Using Artificial Lighting if Necessary (e.g., Grow Lights)
If natural light is insufficient, especially during winter, using artificial grow lights can help. LED grow lights mimic sunlight and provide the necessary wavelengths for plant growth. Keep the lights 6-12 inches away from the plants and leave them on for 12-16 hours a day to simulate sunlight exposure. Position the lights to cover the plants evenly, and use a timer for consistency.
How to Avoid Overwatering in Low-Light Conditions
In low-light environments, herbs tend to use less water, as photosynthesis and growth are slower. Overwatering is one of the most common mistakes for indoor herbs, especially in low light. Ensure the top inch of the soil is dry before watering again. To prevent overwatering, use pots with drainage holes and place them on saucers to catch excess water. Avoid letting the roots sit in water, which can lead to root rot.
Ideal Soil Mix for Indoor Herbs
Indoor herbs require a well-draining, nutrient-rich soil mix. A good potting mix for herbs includes a combination of organic matter, perlite, and peat moss. These ingredients retain moisture while also allowing proper drainage. Avoid using garden soil, as it may compact easily and keep too much water for indoor conditions.
Importance of Drainage and Using the Right Pots
Proper drainage is essential for healthy herb growth indoors, especially in low light, where water evaporation is slower. Use pots with drainage holes to allow excess water to escape. Terracotta pots are ideal because they will enable the soil to breathe, reducing the risk of overwatering. Always use a saucer under pots to prevent water damage to surfaces.
Best Times to Harvest Without Damaging the Plant
Harvesting herbs at the right time helps maintain the plant’s health and encourages new growth. It’s best to harvest herbs early in the day when the plant’s oils are most concentrated. For herbs like mint, parsley, and basil, avoid cutting more than one-third of the plant at a time to allow for continued growth.
Pruning Techniques for Healthier Growth
Regular pruning helps herbs stay bushy and productive. For plants like thyme, oregano, and lemon balm, prune the top stems frequently to encourage side shoots and prevent legginess. Pinching off the tips of growing stems will promote a fuller plant. Use clean, sharp scissors to avoid damage to the plants. Additionally, remove any yellowing or dead leaves to keep the herbs healthy and disease-free.
Common Problems and Solutions
• Overwatering
Overwatering is one of the most common issues when growing herbs indoors, especially in low-light conditions where plants take longer to absorb water. Signs of overwatering include yellowing leaves, wilting despite the soil being wet, and a musty smell from the soil, indicating root rot.
To fix overwatering, first, check the soil’s moisture level by sticking your finger into the top inch of the soil—if it’s wet, wait before watering again. Ensure your pots have adequate drainage, and consider repotting the herbs in fresh, well-draining soil if the roots show signs of rot (mushy, blackened roots). Reduce watering frequency and always allow the soil to dry slightly between waterings.
• Leggy Growth
Leggy growth occurs when herbs stretch out, developing long stems with few leaves, which is often a result of inadequate light. Plants stretch towards the nearest light source, making them look tall and thin with sparse leaves.
To prevent leggy growth, ensure the herbs receive enough indirect sunlight or supplement with grow lights. Rotate the pots regularly so the herbs grow evenly. Pruning regularly can also encourage bushier growth. Snip the top growth to stimulate more lateral branches and keep the plant compact.
• Pests
Even indoor herbs can attract pests such as aphids, spider mites, and whiteflies. Signs of pest infestations include sticky leaves (from honeydew produced by aphids), tiny webbing (from spider mites), or visible small flying insects (whiteflies).
To manage pests naturally, wash the herbs with a gentle stream of water to dislodge the insects. You can also use homemade insecticidal soap by mixing mild dish soap with water and spraying it onto the leaves. Neem oil is another effective organic solution for combating indoor pests. Make sure to check the undersides of leaves where pests often hide, and regularly inspect your plants for early signs of infestation.
Creative Ways to Display Indoor Herb Gardens
Windowsills
One of the easiest and most common places to grow indoor herbs is on windowsills. Herbs placed on a windowsill can benefit from the natural light coming through, even if it’s indirect. For smaller pots, you can put several herbs in a row or use tiered shelves to maximize vertical space. Using matching pots or containers can create a stylish and cohesive look.
Countertops
For kitchens with limited windowsill space, countertops can also serve as an excellent spot for a small herb garden. Consider placing your herbs near a window or under a hanging light fixture to ensure they get enough light. Choose sleek, modern planters that match your kitchen’s decor, or go for a rustic style with mason jars or recycled containers.
Hanging Planters
Hanging planters are a creative way to save space and add an element of greenery to your indoor spaces. These can be placed near windows, suspended from ceilings, or hung on walls. Herbs like mint, thyme, and oregano are well-suited for hanging planters since they grow a manageable size. Hanging planters come in various styles, including macramé hangers, wall-mounted racks, and multi-tiered hanging systems.
Small-Space Gardening Tips for Apartments and Homes with Limited Light
Use Vertical Gardening Solutions
In small apartments or homes, vertical space often needs to be more utilized. Install wall-mounted shelves or tiered stands to hold multiple herb pots. This allows you to grow a variety of herbs in a compact area without taking up precious floor or counter space.
Opt for Compact or Miniature Varieties
Choose compact or dwarf varieties of herbs that won’t overgrow the space they’re in. Smaller pots can be arranged in tight spaces, like on bookshelves or small corner tables, allowing you to maintain your herb garden without cluttering up your living space.
Repurpose Items for Unique Displays
Get creative by using items like old ladders, tea tins, or even shoe organizers to display your herbs. An old ladder leaned against a wall can hold small herb pots on its rungs, or you can plant herbs in individual pockets of a shoe organizer that hangs on the back of a door.
Maximize Light with Reflective Surfaces
Since light is often a limiting factor in small spaces, you can increase its effectiveness by positioning reflective surfaces like mirrors or light-colored walls behind your herbs. This helps to bounce light around and provides more illumination for your plants.
Conclusion
Growing herbs indoors, even in low-light conditions, is an accessible and rewarding way to bring a bit of nature into your home. With the right herbs, such as mint, parsley, thyme, and cilantro, and a little care, anyone can enjoy fresh, flavorful herbs year-round, regardless of the amount of natural light available. By understanding how to maximize indirect light and water properly and maintain healthy growth through pruning and pest management, indoor herb gardens can thrive even in small, dimly lit spaces.
Whether you’re looking to elevate your cooking with fresh ingredients, reap the medicinal benefits of herbs, or add greenery to your living space, indoor herb gardening offers a practical and aesthetically pleasing solution. With creative display options like windowsill gardens, hanging planters, and vertical arrangements, you can make the most of your space while cultivating your little herb haven.
Start your indoor herb garden today and enjoy the flavors and aromas of fresh herbs, all within the comfort of your home!
FAQs
• Can herbs really grow well in low light?
Yes, many herbs can thrive in low-light conditions, though their growth might be slower compared to those grown in bright sunlight. Herbs like mint, parsley, chives, and thyme are particularly well-suited for low-light environments. By providing these herbs with the right care, such as proper watering and occasional pruning, you can still enjoy a healthy and productive indoor herb garden.
• How often should I water herbs in low light?
In low-light conditions, herbs tend to use less water, as their growth rate is slower. It’s essential to let the top inch of soil dry out before watering again to avoid overwatering, which can lead to root rot. A good rule of thumb is to check the soil’s moisture by sticking your finger into the soil and only watering it when it feels dry to the touch. Typically, watering once a week is sufficient, but this can vary based on the specific herb and the indoor environment.
• Should I use fertilizer for indoor herbs?
Yes, indoor herbs can benefit from a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer, especially since they grow in pots where nutrients in the soil can become depleted over time. Fertilize your herbs once every 4-6 weeks using a diluted fertilizer, or opt for organic options like compost tea or fish emulsion. However, avoid over-fertilizing, as this can lead to leggy growth and diminish the flavor of the herbs.
